Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals

CMS is the only existing global biodiversity-related treaty aiming to comprehensively address the conservation and sustainable use of terrestrial, avian and marine migratory species and their habitats across their entire migratory range. It establishes the fundamental principle that its 119 contracting parties act to avoid any migratory species becoming endangered, even when the species’ range includes areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction (ABNJ). Twenty-seven species on CMS Appendix I and 53 species on Appendix II have ABNJ as part of their range.